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Key Culprits In Lupus Revealed By Scripps Research Scientists
The more than 1.5 million Americans with systemic lupus erythematosus (or lupus) suffer from a variety of symptoms that flare and subside, often including painful or swollen joints, extreme fatigue, skin rashes, fever, and kidney problems. Researchers at The Scripps Research Institute have now identified the main trigger for the development of this disease.
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CNN Examines Efforts To Prevent Nursing Shortages In Malawi
CNN examines Malawi"s efforts to address its shortage of nurses. Though in the past, health workers "have been lured abroad by the promise of higher wages and better working conditions," the country has succeeded in putting a stop to "its crippling brain drain of nurses" by expanding "educational opportunities for nurses at all levels" and by "paying modestly more money," CNN writes.
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California Mental Health Advocates Raise Concern Over Treatment Of ICE Detainees
The San Diego Tribune on Monday profiled the La Mesa, Calif.-based private psychiatric hospital Alvarado Parkway Institute. Some advocates say that the hospital is in a network of private hospitals that U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement uses to hold "severely" mentally ill detainees nationwide, often "out of reach of lawyers and even their families," the Tribune reports. The number of immigration detainees has increased dramatically over recent years. According to the Tribune, about 35,000 people are being detained in a system of public or private jails and detention centers awaiting the outcomes of their immigration cases. It is unknown how many of the detainees are mentally ill and how many are held in private facilities.Some disability-rights lawyers and advocates for the mentally ill say that conditions at many of the private facilities, including API, violate state and federal laws governing treatment of mentally ill people. Ann Menasche, a lawyer with the legal advocacy group Disability Rights California, last month sent a letter to ICE claiming that after visiting API and interviewing detainees, she found that the conditions are "excessive, unjustifiable and punitive." Menasche said that immigration detainees could not socialize, exercise or participate in group therapy, and noted that they also were kept shackled to hospital beds. She said the patients also are being denied their rights to daily visitors, access to a telephone and other lawful permissions. She said other patients were not subjected to such conditions. Earlier this month, Menasche sent another letter to county officials requesting that they investigate the facility.Hospital CEO Patrick Ziemer said that the measures taken at the hospital are done for security reasons required by ICE. He added, "Patients can move about and walk around, a few steps from their bed." ICE officials declined to answer specific questions about the treatment of patients at API but said in a statement that the agency is reviewing "visitation and telephone access practices for immigration detainees being housed in private psychiatric facilities to ensure they have appropriate access to both." Department of Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano also has ordered a broader review of all ICE detention conditions (Moran, San Diego Tribune, 5/18).
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Global Post Articles Examine Malaria Worldwide

Global Post examines the quest for an effective vaccine to fight malaria. According to Global Post, "epidemiologists are pinning their hopes on a malaria vaccine" because "[k]illing mosquitoes, or avoiding bites, is an imprecise solution to malaria." Human trials on the RTS,S malaria vaccine have produced "[p]romising results," and the vaccine could be publicly available by 2012. However, it only works 50 to 60 percent of the time and is engineered for children younger than age five who are "malaria"s most vulnerable victims," according to Global Post. The news outlet reports that vaccine research has "boomed" since 1999 after the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation made malaria a priority. Over the past decade, the foundation has given almost a quarter billion dollars to the non-profit Malaria Vaccine Initiative, which is involved in the RTS,S project. Global Post writes that a "first step for an adult vaccine came this spring," after the biotech company, Sanaria, began human trials on a vaccine (Herman, Global Post[1], 6/11). Recently, the AP/Washington Post examined Sanaria"s efforts to irradiate mosquitoes in order to create a weakened malaria parasite (Kaiser Daily Global Health Policy Report, 6/9). "The approach has been successful enough in lab tests to win FDA approval and move to the start of human trials," Global Post reports (Global Post [1], 6/11). In a separate article, Global Post examines how researches at Trinity College Dublin and Oxford University are using Mal - "a protein that helps determine whether a person succumbs to malaria after a mosquito bite" - to develop a vaccine. According to Luke O"Neill, a professor who directs Trinity"s School of Biochemistry and Immunology, when the human body senses a malaria parasite, "a set of sensors locks onto the intruder and sends a message to Mal, which wakes up the immune system to fight it. It doesn"t always succeed, said O"Neill." Adrian Hill, another professor who is working on the project, found that there are good and bad variants of Mal in humans. "The good type of Mal organizes a successful counterattack against malaria, whereas the bad Mal is either underactive, or it is overactive and destructive, like friendly fire," Global Post writes, adding that O"Neill believes these pathways in the body are "the key to a successful fight against malaria." The team working under Hill, who directs the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics at Oxford, is trying to activate Mal in specific ways for the development of the vaccine. O"Neill said, "Trials among chimpanzees have had a[n] 80 to 90 percent success rate, so that gives us hope with humans" (O"Clery, Global Post, 6/11). Global Post also examines vector control methods that are used to fight malaria. According to the news outlet, "Vector control strategies do compete in a broad sense with vaccine strategies for funding. But in practice both strategies end up in use." The article includes details about how different regions are using different vector control strategies (Herman, Global Post [2], 6/11). Global Post also published the following malaria-related articles: *"Malaria: The view from Colombia" (Drost, Global Post, 6/11). *"Malaria: The view from India" (Neelakantan, Global Post, 6/11). *"Malaria: The view from Indonesia" (Gelling, Global Post, 6/11). *"Malaria: The view from Mozambique" (Herman, Global Post [3], 6/11). *"Malaria: The view from South Africa" (Brilliard, Global Post, 6/11). *"Malaria: One NGO worker"s fight" (Dowell, Global Post, 6/11). This information was reprinted from globalhealth.kff.org with kind permission from the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. You can view the entire Kaiser Daily Global Health Policy Report, search the archives and sign up for email delivery at globalhealth.kff.org. © Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. All rights reserved.


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